Bilingual Ambigrams.
汉英双语书法

A site by David Moser
Contact: dmoserus@yahoo.com
(Chinese name 莫大伟.)
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The following figures are examples of an art form called "ambigrams" (the term is due to Douglas Hofstadter.) For native speakers of Chinese, this figure, read from top right to bottom left, are the two characters 中国, Zhongguo, meaning "China". But to native speakers of English, reading from bottome left to top right, the letters "CHINA" will emerge. This is an example of a bilingual visual pun, readable in two scripts.




These two figures require no rotation. Native speakers of Chinese will read the ambigram as 中国 "China", whereas English speakers will see the letters "china" lurking amid the calligraphy.


This figure is clearly "tokyo" in English, and 東 京 (Tokyo) in Japanese.


Here we have two vertical rows of the two characters 香港 "Hong Kong", for which a 90-degree turn reveals the English reading.

Vertically this design is the character 海 hai, meaning "sea". The English reading "SEA" can be seen with a counter-clockwise 90-degree turn.


The standard printed character for "sea" looks like this:
海
From upper left to lower right, the character is 東 dong, meaning "east". A clockwise turning makes the English reading "EAST" more evident.

東

Here is a more straightforward Chinese-Chinese ambigram (or Japanese-Japanese; the characters are the same). From left to right, the two characters are 日本 Riben, meaning "Japan." A 90-degree counterclockwise twist yields the same two characters.


远 東 “Far East"

Some sites featuring ambigrams:
Scott Kim is arguably the world's master of this art form (which he calls "inversions"), and certainly one of its earliest serious practitioners. Scott has also begun delving into ambigrams involving the Sino-Japanese characters, and some fantastic examples (much better than any of mine!) are on display in this site.
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Academic articles
The following are links to various articles by David Moser on Chinese characters:
The Invisible Writing on the Wall.
What Chinese Characters Can't Do
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Articles on other subjects
Self-censorship in China (written under a pseudonym)
Here is the above article translated into Chinese.
Here is an account of a TV performance in 1992
